Hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis significantly increase risk of dementia in the elderly
Diabetes and dementia are common among the elderly but the neurological effects of hyperglycemia in this population are not well understood. The link between hyperglycemia and impaired cognitive function, particularly dementia, was investigated in a longitudinal observational study of 16,806 geriatric patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Data were collected from records of subjects who were members of a healthcare delivery system. Hyperglycemia events were based on records from hospital admissions and emergency room treatments from 1988 to 2002. Cognitive function status was based on medical records from 2003 to 2010. During the 7-year observation period, a total of 2,502 dementia cases were reported. Those who suffered from at least one hyperglycemic episode are more likely to develop dementia than those who did not. Even after adjusting for patient demographics, the risk for dementia was 75% higher among those with poor glycemic control. Diabetes ketoacidosis, which is a major complication of severe hyperglycemia, was the highest contributor to risk of dementia. The relationship between hyperglycemia and dementia risk was clearly demonstrated in this observational study of a well-characterized cohort 2010, Abst P01.226).
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